Contribution of Ancient India In The Field of Literature - GovtVacancy.Net

CONTRIBUTION OF ANCIENT INDIA IN THE FIELD OF LITERATURE

Ancient India provided many important texts to the world. For example, here four Vedas were composed. Rigveda is the oldest among them. Apart from Rigveda, there are three more Vedas, whose names are Yajurveda, Samaveda, and Atharvaveda. Apart from these, there are also many religious texts, such as " Brahman " (texts explaining Veda mantras), Aranyaka (parts of Brahman texts), Upanishads, Sutras, Vedanga, and Upveda. India gave six types of philosophy to the world. As far as cosmic literature is concerned, India has given huge epics like Ramayana and Mahabharata to the world, which have no connection even today. The Mahabharata is also known as the Shatasahasri Samhita as it contains more than one lakh verses. in this country108 Puranas were composed and the main 18 Puranas are Agni, Shiva, Bhagwat, Brahma, etc. All these are encyclopedias in themselves, in which the subjects of warfare, horse medicine, Elephant medicine, foreign policy, etc. have also been included. There is also a tradition of ethics in Sanskrit. Among such scriptures, Kautilya's ethics and Bhartrihari's ethics are particularly noteworthy. The world-famous political text Arthashastra is the creation of this Kautilya (Chanakya). India gave the world a composition like Panchatantra, in which the stories described are read all over the world today.

The play " Abhijnanashakuntalam " by the Sanskrit poet Kalidasa is considered one of the best works of art in the world. This play has been translated into many languages ​​around the world.

There are also many texts of Jainism and Buddhism, whose number is in the hundreds. These texts are in Prakrit, Pali, and Sanskrit languages. Among them, Jataka tales have special glory. Many foreign pilgrims came and studied these texts from time to time.

Sanskrit is the mother of many languages ​​of India, as well as it is the original and oldest language of the Indo -European language family. It can be said that Sanskrit is the mother of all the Indo-European languages ​​from Iceland in the west to Assam in the east.

In India, innumerable texts are found on secular subjects. Kalhan's Rajatarangini is very famous in form of history. There has also been a tradition of writing grammar in Sanskrit and Prakrit. The most famous among the grammarians is Acharya Panini, whose composition Ashtadhyayi is considered to be the best grammar book.

The largest book of stories is the Brihadkatha, which was bigger in size than the Mahabharata. This text written in the Paishachi language has disappeared. Now we get only an abridged version of it named Kathasaritsagara which is itself an epic work.

There is no such subject of knowledge and science on which pen has not been penned in India. Even how to steal, and how Kuttani behaves, we have compositions here on such extremely worldly subjects.

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