Judiciary of Madhya Pradesh | MP General Knowledge

Madhya Pradesh Judiciary

• Under Article 214 of the Constitution of India , High Courts are established in each state. The High Court is a Court of Record under Article 215 . Whose decisions are considered official and on the basis of that the subordinate courts give their decision.       
• Under Article 227 , the High Court also has the power of superintendence over a subordinate court.  
• On January 2, 1936, the Nagpur High Court was established for the Central Provinces and Berar Province by the Letters Patent issued under Section-108 of the Government of India Act, 1915 . These Letters Patent  ,  under which the Nagpur High Court was established and the jurisdiction was vested ,  remained in force even after the adoption of the Constitution of India on January 26 ,  1950, through its Articles 225 and 372.
• The building of the main bench of the Madhya Pradesh High Court was built by Raja Gokuldas in the year 1889 , whose architect was Henry Irwin .   
• Madhya Pradesh High Court has been established at Jabalpur and other two Benches at Indore and Gwalior. The third bench is proposed in Bhopal.
• On 28 November 1968 , the division benches of the High Court at Indore and Gwalior were established.   

Facts to remember about High Court

• The total number of judges in the High Court of Madhya Pradesh is 36 .  
• The first Chief Justice of the Madhya Pradesh High Court was Justice Shri M Hidayatullah , who also had the distinction of becoming the 11th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (the first Muslim Chief Justice ) .    
•  Sarojini Saxena was the first woman judge of the Madhya Pradesh High Court .
• The current Chief Justice of the Madhya Pradesh High Court is  Justice Ravi Vijayakumar Malimath   .

History of  Madhya Pradesh  Judiciary

• The present state of Madhya Pradesh , as is well known , was originally created on 02/11/1861 as the Central Region, as the Judicial Commissionerate area was administered by the Judicial Commissioner. At that time , the Court of the Judicial Commissioner at Nagpur was the apex court of the region. 
• In 1921, it was converted into Governor's Province (Governor's Province), then it became entitled to a full-fledged High Court for administration of justice. However, financial and administrative difficulties resulted in the High Court's refusal for the Central Provinces for nearly fifteen years. Meanwhile, a part of the Nizam State of Hyderabad was transferred to the Central Provinces for Berar administration in 1933. Due to this the state got its new name "Central Province" and "Berar".
• Thereafter , the Nagpur High Court was established for the Central Provinces and Berar Province by the Letters Patent issued by Emperor George V on January 2 , 1936 , under Section 108 of the Government of India Act , 1915 . These Letters Patent , under which the Nagpur High Court was established and the jurisdiction was vested , remained in force even after the adoption of the Constitution of India on January 26 , 1950 , through its Articles 225 and 372 . 
• The States Reorganization Act was enacted in November 1956 . The new Madhya Pradesh state was formed under its section- 9 . Sub-section ( 1) of section 49 of the States Reorganization Act prescribes that from the date of appointment i.e. 1st November 1956 , the High Court exercising jurisdiction in relation to the present State of Madhya Pradesh , i.e. Nagpur High Court , shall be the High Court for the present State of Madhya Pradesh . will be understood.
• In this way the Nagpur High Court was not abolished but by a legal story it became a High Court for the new state of Madhya Pradesh with its branch located at Jabalpur. 
• By the Hon'ble Chief Justice , by his order of 1 November 1956 , temporary benches of the Madhya Pradesh High Court were constituted at Indore and Gwalior. Later , in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section ( 2) of Section- 51 of the States Reorganization Act 1956 , by a Presidential notification dated 28 November 1968 , permanent benches of the Madhya Pradesh High Court were established at Indore and Gwalior.
• This situation lasted till November 1 , 2000 , when Chhattisgarh State was created from the present Madhya Pradesh State under the provisions of Madhya Pradesh Reorganization Act 2000 and Chhattisgarh High Court was established for this State with its Bench at Bilaspur. Then Madhya Pradesh located at Jabalpur. The High Court became the High Court for the successor state of Madhya Pradesh.

Chief Justice of Madhya Pradesh High Court

District Courts

• Under Article 233 , a provision has been made for the establishment of a District Court subordinate to the High Court. The provisions relating to subordinate courts are given in Part 6 of the Constitution ( Articles 233- 237) .
• The District Judge when trying criminal cases is called Sessions Judge and while trying civil cases he is called District Judge  . That is why it is also called District and Sessions Judge.

special court

• In 1989 , under the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Prevention of Atrocities Act, a special court has been constituted in each district court.

revenue court

• A Revenue Board has been constituted in Gwalior district for civil matters related to revenue. After the amendment in the Madhya Pradesh Land Revenue Code 1959 in the year 2011 , all rights have been given for revenue monitoring and hearing.

Fasttrack Court

• Fastrack Court was established on 1st April 2001 on the recommendation of 11th Finance Commission for speedy disposal of criminal cases . A total of 85 fast track courts are established in the state.

labor and family court

• In Madhya Pradesh, 25 labor courts have been established in the state under the Industrial Act 1960 .
• And under the Family Courts Act 1935 , the establishment of family courts has been established in all the divisional headquarters and main districts.

Thank You