Khilafat Movement, Main Leaders of Khilafat Movement and Outcomes of Movement

Khilafat Movement, Key Leaders of Khilafat Movement, and Results of Movement: Complete information about Khilafat Movement, Chief Leaders of Khilafat Movement, Time Table of Movement, and what were the results of the movement is given here.

Background of Khilafat Movement?

The Khilafat movement started after the First World War. In World War I (1914–1918), Turkey sided with Germany and Austria against the Allies, in which the Allies won and Turkey lost. After the war, Britain took many decisions, adopting a harsh policy towards Turkey, including abolishing the post of Caliph and the partition of Turkey. Caliph is called a ruler in the Arabic language who is the ruler of an Islamic state or other Sharia (Islamic law) state system.

During the First World War, in order to get the support of the Muslims of India, the British government had promised that they would behave generously towards Turkey, but after the war, the British forgot this promise, and the Khalifa whom the Muslims of the whole world considered as their religious teacher. The post was abolished.

Khilafat Movement

This movement lasted from 1919 to 1924. This movement had no direct relation with India. The main objective of the Khilafat movement was to re-establish the position of the Turkish Caliphate and to remove restrictions from religious areas there.

In 1919, the All India Khilafat Committee was formed by the Ali brothers. who started this movement. This movement had no significant effect on the British government and Turkey was partitioned in 1920 by the Treaty of Sevres.

Chief Leader of Khilafat Movement

The Khilafat movement was started by the Ali brothers (Shokat Ali, Muhammad Ali). Maulana Abul Kalam Azad propagated the Khilafat movement through "Al-Hilal" and Mohammad Ali's "Comrade" newspapers.

Later on, Mahatma Gandhi also joined this movement and the popularity of this movement increased even more. The first conference of the All India Khilafat Committee was held in Delhi on 24 November 1919 and was presided over by Mahatma Gandhi.

As soon as Mahatma Gandhi joined this movement, big leaders of Congress also joined the movement. The main reason Gandhiji joined this movement was that he wanted to increase Muslim cooperation in the Indian independence movement. In August 1920, Gandhiji associated it with the non-cooperation movement. That is why both these movements are also called twin movements.

Khilafat Movement TimeTable

Date	Event
1919	All India Khilafat Committee was formed.
17 October 1919	All India Khilafat Day was celebrated.
24 November 1919	Mahatma Gandhi presided over the first conference of the Khilafat Committee in Delhi.
February 1920	A team of the Khilafat Committee went to meet the then Viceroy Lord Chelmsford.
May 1920	Turkey was partitioned by the Treaty of Sebriz.
June 1920	Allahabad session of Khilafat Committee. This is where the boycott of government schools and courts was started. After this session, this movement was completely led by Mahatma Gandhi.
1 August 1920	Death of Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
31 August 1920	Gandhiji started the non-cooperation movement.
the year 1924	The government of Mustafa Kemal Pasha completely abolished the post of Caliph in Turkey.

Results of the movement

A speech was given by the Ali brothers (Shokat Ali, Muhammad Ali) in the year 1921 in which they asked the Muslims to leave the army citing Islam, due to which they went to jail. After this, the pace of this movement slowed down and by the year 1922, this movement had slowed down quite a bit.

In the year 1924, a democratic government was formed in Turkey under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Pasha and the post of Caliph was completely abolished, and with this, the Khilafat movement also ended.

Even though this movement has not been completely successful yet it also has some positive aspects which are as follows-

1. On 31 August 1920, Mahatma Gandhi joined Muslim leaders in the non-cooperation movement.
2. Hindu-Muslim unity got a boost

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